Mediterranean Theater of Operations

The Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA) was originally called North African Theater of Operations (NATOUSA). It is the American term for the theater of operations between the Allies and Axis Powers in North Africa and Italy during World War II. US operations in the theater began with of the Allied Expeditionary Force, which landed on the beaches of northwest Africa on November 8, 1942, in Operation Torch. They ended in the Italian Alps some 31 months later with the German surrender in May 1945.

It is widely recognised that ther British and their Allies were operating in North Africa long beofre this period and we wiill use the term to encompass both the time prior to the American arrival in North Africa and operations after arrival.

The main campaigns and operations are cited as:

• Operation Torch (Allied invasion of French North Africa)
• Egypt-Libya Campaign
• Tunisia Campaign
• Italian Campaign
  • Operation Husky (Allied invasion of Sicily)
  • Naples-Foggia Campaign (Allied invasion of Italy)
  • Bernhardt Line
  • Operation Shingle (amphibious landing in the area of Anzio)
  • Winter Line (The western part of the line centered around Monte Cassino, was called the Gustav Line)
  • Central Italy: Rome to the Arno
  • Gothic Line
  • Spring 1945 offensive in Italy
• Operation Dragoon (invasion of southern France – one month after the invasion operational command was passed to SHAEF)

Egypt-Libya Campaign The Egypt–Libya Campaign is the name used to describe the Allied Western Desert Campaign, during World War II. From 1940, British & Commonwealth forces (assisted by US forces in 1942) ifought ...

Italian Campaign Photographs 1943 - 45 The Italian Campaign of World War II was the name of Allied operations in and around Italy, from 1943 to the end of the war in Europe. Joint Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ) was operationally responsible ...